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<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 color=navy face=Arial><span style='font-size:
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I intend to talk about exceptions to things which occur all through IT anyway.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Tahoma><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma;font-weight:bold'>From:</span></font></b><font
size=2 face=Tahoma><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:Tahoma'>
Adrian Janson [mailto:janson.adrian.a@edumail.vic.gov.au] <br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Sent:</span></b> Thursday, 19 August 2010
10:01 AM<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>To:</span></b> 'Year 12 Software Development
Teachers' Mailing List'<br>
<b><span style='font-weight:bold'>Subject:</span></b> Re: [Year 12 SofDev]
Records and Arrays</span></font><font size=3 face="Times New Roman"><span
lang=EN-US style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Hi
everyone,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>As
the one writing the text book for 2011+, here is what I have written for the
definitions of array and record (there is more detail and examples following
these definitions):<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:
11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-weight:bold'>One-Dimensional Arrays<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt'>A one dimensional (or 1D) array is a data structure in
which variables of the same type are grouped together under the same
name. <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt'>...<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal style='text-align:justify'><font size=2 face=Calibri><span
style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt;
font-weight:bold'>Records<o:p></o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span style='font-size:11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:
11.0pt'>A record is a structure that can be used to group together a variety of
information for a particular purpose. Records are similar to arrays but
whereas an array has to contain elements all of the same type, the variables
within a record can be of different types.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=2 face=Calibri><span lang=EN-US style='font-size:
11.0pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>...<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>I
do think that there is a place for a standard definition – as students
will probably not use 1 language in their lives (assuming that they progress to
an IT course of some description), and even if they don’t, the standard
definition can set a context for a discussion of how the language differs from
this (if it is not strongly typed). I don’t think it would hurt to
say ‘the definition of an array is XYZ, however in PHP, an array works in
this way....’ Interesting to note that there are 6 languages for
which the definitions above do not strictly hold! <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Is
the concensus of this community that you would like me to include more in these
definitions about the distinction of strongly typed languages? Or what is
the general feeling about the definitions that I have written above?<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Cheers,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on"><font size=2
face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Adrian</span></font></st1:place></st1:City><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=5 color="#002060" face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#002060;font-weight:
bold'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></b></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><b><font size=5 color="#002060" face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:18.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#002060;font-weight:
bold'>Adrian Janson </span></font></b><b><font size=1 color="#002060"
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:7.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:#002060;font-weight:bold'>B.Sc, Dip.Ed, M.Ed<br>
</span></font></b><b><font size=4 color="#002060" face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:14.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#002060;font-weight:
bold'>Director of ICT<br>
</span></font></b><st1:PlaceName w:st="on"><font size=3 color="#244061"
face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";
color:#244061'>Melbourne</span></font></st1:PlaceName><font size=3
color="#244061" face="Times New Roman"><span style='font-size:12.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#244061'> <st1:PlaceType w:st="on">High
School</st1:PlaceType>, Forrest Hill, South <st1:City w:st="on">Yarra</st1:City>,
<st1:State w:st="on">Victoria</st1:State> 3141 <st1:country-region w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Australia</st1:place></st1:country-region>.<br>
Phone: 03 9826 0711 International: +61 3 9826 0711<br>
Fax: 03 9826 8767 International: +61 3 9826 8767<br>
E-mail: <a href="janson.adrian.a@edumail.vic.gov.au">janson.adrian.a@edumail.vic.gov.au</a><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#244061" face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#244061'>Website: <a
href="http://www.mhs.vic.edu.au/">http://www.mhs.vic.edu.au</a></span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoNormal><font size=3 color="#244061" face="Times New Roman"><span
style='font-size:12.0pt;font-family:"Times New Roman";color:#244061'>Blog: <a
href="http://jansona.edublogs.org/" target="_blank">http://jansona.edublogs.org</a></span></font><font
color=black><span style='color:black'><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span lang=EN-US
style='font-size:10.5pt'>-----Original Message-----<br>
From: sofdev-bounces@edulists.com.au [mailto:sofdev-bounces@edulists.com.au] On
Behalf Of Laurie Savage<br>
Sent: Thursday, 19 August 2010 9:23 AM<br>
To: 'Year 12 Software Development Teachers' Mailing List'<br>
Subject: Re: [Year 12 SofDev] Records and Arrays</span><o:p></o:p></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Guy,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>You
are right, and of course I have taught this distinction. As I mentioned<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>to
Maggie, I do object to teaching things that students need to unlearn or<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>that
are irrelevant.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Laurie<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>-----Original
Message-----<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>From:
sofdev-bounces@edulists.com.au [mailto:sofdev-bounces@edulists.com.au]<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>On
Behalf Of Guy Flaherty<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Sent:
Thursday, 19 August 2010 9:19 AM<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>To:
'Year 12 Software Development Teachers' Mailing List'<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Subject:
Re: [Year 12 SofDev] Records and Arrays<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Laurie,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Typing
is not really the issue, and Steven's explanation is quite likely to<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>cause
more confusion in my opinion. Let me explain my thinking:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>The
difference between a record and an array is simply that one allows only<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>one
type of data to be used, the other allows multiple types of data to be<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>used
(some languages require type to be declared, others don't).<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Associative
'arrays' are called 'arrays' in their language literature, but<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>according
to the study design they are in fact 'records' and not 'arrays'.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Java
does not even have a record type, you have to create a class with no<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>instance
methods to represent a 'record' type, so now you have to include<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>classes
if you start thinking about Java. Additionally, other languages,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>such
as PHP, Python, Ruby etc can do the same thing as Java but are not<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>required
to as their 'array' types can work as 'arrays' or 'records'.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Ruby
names their 'record' type an 'array' and their 'associative array' a<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>'hash',
making it even more difficult for students learning Ruby to<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>understand
the Study Design definitions.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Thinking
about all this, I am simply going to instruct my students that for<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>the
purpose of completing any exam questions, the difference between a<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>record
and an array IS that one can contain multiple types of data and the<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>other
can only contain one type of data. Despite the fact that this is not<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>what
they are seeing when they do their programming, this is how it would<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>seem
to be best to approach it.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Guy
Flaherty<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>>>>
"Laurie Savage" <savage.john.l@edumail.vic.gov.au> 19/08/10
08:39 AM >>><o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Well
yes, and no. Thanks for the very clear description of a record which IS<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>an
array (is ISBN an integer or a string? PHP will treat it contextually)!<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>However
this does not take away from the fact that some major modern<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>languages
are not strongly typed and so the study guide distinction does not<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>apply
and this disadvantages students working in those languages.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Laurie<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>From:
sofdev-bounces@edulists.com.au [mailto:sofdev-bounces@edulists.com.au]<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>On
Behalf Of Steven Bird<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Sent:
Wednesday, 18 August 2010 8:58 PM<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>To:
Year 12 Software Development Teachers' Mailing List<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Subject:
Re: [Year 12 SofDev] Records and Arrays<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'> <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>The
following might help you to distinguish these concepts.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Consider
any kind of real world entity, e.g. a student, a school, a book, a<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>patient,
etc. Now think about its attributes. For a book this might be<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>title,
author, year, isbn, price... When we model such an entity using a<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>computer,
we specify a set of attributes. This is a "record". It is
just a<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>collection
of attributes describing an entity.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>A
record could be stored on disk (e.g. as a row of a relational database<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>table,
or as a row of a CSV file), or represented in volatile memory in a<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>data
structure in a running program. Perhaps the most common data type used<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>for
representing a record is an "associative array" ("hash" in
Perl;<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>"dictionary"
in Python; "array" (!) in PHP, "map" in C++); some languages<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>support
a "tuple" type which is also appropriate for representing records.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>However,
at one level these details don't matter. What's important is just<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>that
we have a set of attributes.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Now
consider any collection of entities of the same type, e.g. students,<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>schools,
books, patients, etc. When we model these in a computer, we<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>specify
a collection of like entities. This is just a set or list of<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>entities.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>This
list could be stored on disk (e.g. as a relational table, or a CSV<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>file),
or represented in a running program. The most common data type is an<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>"array",
and that's what it is called in most languages (but it is "list" in<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Python).
Some languages encourage you to define array elements to be all of<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>the
same type, but not all. In general, I think this is a good practice.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>PHP
blurs the distinction between records and arrays. However, a programmer<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>can
use PHP in such a way to keep them quite distinct:<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>my_record1
= array('isbn'=>1441412050, 'title'=>'<st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place
w:st="on">Alice</st1:place></st1:City> in Wonderland',<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>'author'=>'Lewis
Carroll');<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>my_record2
= array('isbn'=>1441412050, 'title'=>'Through the Looking Glass',<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>'author'=>'Lewis
Carroll');<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>my_array
= array(my_record1, my_record2);<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>my_record1['isbn'];
/* access a record's attribute by name */ <o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>my_array[1];
/* access an array's element by index */<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>I
hope this helps!<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>--<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Steven
Bird<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>http://stevenbird.me/<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Development.<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'><o:p> </o:p></span></font></p>
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<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Scanned
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<p class=MsoPlainText><font size=2 face=Consolas><span style='font-size:10.5pt'>Date:
2010-08-19 08:45:37.693<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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g.flaherty@xavier.vic.edu.au<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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Default_In<o:p></o:p></span></font></p>
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