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<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Frames are discouraged by W3C,(</span>
<span style="color:#1F497D"><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/WD-WCAG20-HTML-TECHS-20031209/#frames">http://www.w3.org/TR/2003/WD-WCAG20-HTML-TECHS-20031209/#frames</a> ) since the corresponding element types (including iframe) aren't present in the Strict
DTDs (which is what W3C strongly recommends for all new documents). From their site:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span style="color:#1F497D">“</span><span style="color:#953735;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#953735;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">For visually enabled users, frames may organize a page into different
zones. For non-visual users, relationships between the content in frames (e.g., one frame has a table of contents, another the contents themselves) must be conveyed through other means.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span style="color:#953735;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#953735;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:36.0pt"><span style="color:#953735;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#953735;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">Frames as implemented today (with the frameset , frame , and iframe elements) are problematic for several
reasons:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:72.0pt"><span style="color:#953735;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#953735;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">• Without scripting, they tend to break the "previous page" functionality offered by browsers.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:72.0pt"><span style="color:#953735;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#953735;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">• It is impossible to refer to the "current state" of a frameset with a URI; once a frameset changes contents,
the original URI no longer applies.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left:72.0pt"><span style="color:#953735;mso-style-textfill-fill-color:#953735;mso-style-textfill-fill-alpha:100.0%">• Opening a frame in a new browser window can disorient or simply annoy users</span><span style="color:#1F497D">.”<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2"><![if !supportLists]><span style="color:#1F497D"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">1.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="color:#1F497D">Frames prevent users from properly bookmarking pages. When a bookmarked frameset page is loaded, users' previous mouse clicks inside the frames do not matter. Only the outer URL is saved, and users
have to navigate to where they were manually.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2"><![if !supportLists]><span style="color:#1F497D"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">2.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="color:#1F497D">Frames present challenges for printing web pages. Printing all the frames at once is not suited to the different dimensions of paper (and users can get only the first pageful that way). Users generally
have to right-click the frame they want and choose the appropriate context menu option.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="text-indent:-18.0pt;mso-list:l1 level1 lfo2"><![if !supportLists]><span style="color:#1F497D"><span style="mso-list:Ignore">3.<span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman"">
</span></span></span><![endif]><span style="color:#1F497D">Users coming from search engines may not have access to navigational elements if they are located in another frame — they are directed to only that frame the search engine found the text in.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Appropriate use of <div> tags and css will do anything you used to do with frames and be standards compliant.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Check out <a href="http://meyerweb.com/eric/css/edge/">
http://meyerweb.com/eric/css/edge/</a> especially the Complex Spiral sample. There is a huge amount on the web about creating a frames appearance in a standards compliant page but Eric Meyer’s work was groundbreaking.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D">Laurie Savage<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><a name="Laurie_Savage"><span style="color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU"><img border="0" width="250" height="150" id="_x0000_i1025" src="cid:image001.jpg@01CF2350.A97BEA60"></span></a><span style="color:#1F497D;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU"><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="color:#1F497D"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<div>
<div style="border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm">
<p class="MsoNormal"><b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-AU">From:</span></b><span lang="EN-US" style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif";mso-fareast-language:EN-AU"> itapps-bounces@edulists.com.au
[mailto:itapps-bounces@edulists.com.au] <b>On Behalf Of </b>Litsa Tzelepis<br>
<b>Sent:</b> Thursday, 6 February 2014 12:42 PM<br>
<b>To:</b> itapps@edulists.com.au<br>
<b>Subject:</b> [Year 12 IT Apps] U3-O1<o:p></o:p></span></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Hello,<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">I went into my first ITapps class today (they were on camp last week) and realised the IT dept installed Adobe CC – so my Dreamweaver has gone from CS4 to CC.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Not so much of a drama to look at straight away but I noticed “frames” are not valid anymore. The kids liked to use them to avoid repeating link placement and to help with the “navigation” feature they are meant to demonstrate.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">My question is if frames aren’t used, what are others using for “navigation”.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Sorry if it sounds obvious – or are you just using the same links on each page.<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Thank-you, litsa<o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Wingdings">J</span><o:p></o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU">---<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU">Litsa Tzelepis<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU">Mount St. Joseph Girl's College<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU">133 Maidstone Street, Altona, VIC. 3018<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU"><a href="mailto:htzelepis@msj.vic.edu.au">htzelepis@msj.vic.edu.au</a><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU">P:8398 2000 | F:9398 3498<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size:9.0pt;mso-fareast-language:EN-AU"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
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